ABSTRACT
Introducción: para identificar el consumo de cocaína durante la gestación se utiliza frecuentemente el autorreporte; dado que esta conducta puede generar procesos judiciales y comprometer la tenencia de su hijo hay un porcentaje significativo de negación de consumo. El meconio del recién nacido puede identificar el consumo de sustancia desde la semana 20 de gestación.Objetivos: determinar la prevalencia del consumo de cocaína y pasta base de cocaína durante la gestación,describir sus características y evaluar el valor del autorreporte en referencia a la determinación en meconio.Metodología: se realizó un estudio observacional analítico de corte transversal en el Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell entre noviembre de 2010 y marzo del 2011. Se realizó una encuesta protocolizada sobre los hábitos de consumo y se obtuvo una muestra de meconio para su análisis por ELISA con una sensibilidad de 5 ng/g. Resultados: se obtuvieron 227 muestras de meconio,fueron positivos para el consumo de clorhidrato de cocaína y PBC con un corte de 5 ng/g el 9,25%. Se destaca que en las consumidoras de cocaína/PBC se observa una diferencia estadísticamente significativa(p=0,006) en la edad con una media de 28,04 años(DE=5,99) con respecto a la ausencia de consumo con una media de 24.66 (DE=5,42). Se observó una diferencia significativa en la población consumidora en la presencia de cuadros infecciosos(vulvovaginitis/sífilis) p=0,001. Los ingresos declarados en el núcleo familiar en la población consumidora de PBC estuvieron por debajo de la línea de pobreza. Se encontró una asociación importante entre el consumo de cocaína-PBC y marihuana. La especificidad de la autodeclaración fue muy alta pero la sensibilidad fue de 14,3...
Introduction: consumption of cocaine base pulp (PBC) in Uruguay was identified as a Public Health problem from the economic crisis that hit the country in 2002. To identify consumption of this substance in pregnant women in clinical practice is frequently used the self-report. Since the maternal cocaine consumption can generate law suits and may jeopardize the custody of the child there is a significant percentage of under reporting. Newborn`s meconium can identify cocain-PBC use from the 20th week of gestation. Objectives: determine the prevalence during pregnancy in a hospital population, describe their characteristics and assess the value of self-report in reference to the determination in meconium. Methodology: the methodology used in this ptoject was a observational analytic cross-sectional study of the population assisted in the Hospital Center Pereira Rossell between November 2010 and March 2011. A protocolized survey about consumption habits was conducted after an informed agreeing consent and a meconium sample obtained for analysis. By ELISA screening of NEOGEN brand the presence of cocaine and its metabolites in meconium was determined with a sensitivity of 5 ng/gy 20 ng/g.Results: 227 Meconium valid samples were obtained for analysis. 9,5% were positive for the consumption of cocaine hydrochloride and PBC with a cutoff of 5 ng/g. It is emphasized that in cocaine users / PBC a statistically significant difference (p = 0,006) was observed in the average age 28,04 years (SD = 5,99) compared to the absence of consumption with an average of 24,66 (SD 5,42). Pregnant women consumers Cocaine / PBC during pregnancy are over 19 years. A significant difference was observed in the consumer population regarding to the presence of infectious types (vulvovaginitis / syphilis) p = 0,001. Reported income in the household in the PBC consuming population was below the poverty line. Also was found a significant association between cocaine consumes and ...
Subject(s)
Humans , Cocaine/adverse effects , Pregnancy , Meconium , Cocaine-Related Disorders/ethnology , Health Surveys , UruguayABSTRACT
Introdução: Na atualidade, o uso abusivo de drogas vem tomando dimensões preocupantes, configurando um importante problema de saúde pública. Dentre os aspectos responsáveis pelo agravamento da situação está o surgimento de novas substâncias, as quais vêm alterando as práticas de uso e potencializando seus danos. Dentre elas o derivado da pasta de coca, denominado popularmente de crack, destaca-se pelos prejuízos à saúde dos usuários e devido à associação crescente entre sua utilização e a prática de atos violentos e degradantes, especialmente difundida pelos meios de comunicação. Objetivos: Descrever os circuitos, compreender comportamentos, práticas e significados relacionados ao consumo de crack entre freqüentadores de locais de alta concentração de usuários e vendedores desta droga instalados na região central de duas capitais brasileiras: São Paulo/SP e Porto Alegre/RS. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo etnográfico, com observação participante e registro em diário de campo. Resultados: Nos resultados foram descritos os circuitos percorridos pelos usuários, concentrados em partes específicas da região central das duas cidades: Bairro da Luz/SP e nas imediações do Loteamento Santa Terezinha em Porto Alegre/RS, assim como suas dinâmicas, nas quais a concentração de pessoas em situação de rua e suas atividades rotineiras, principalmente em suas interrelações com representantes do poder público, como a polícia e instituições de assistência social, ganham destaque. O cotidiano desses locais caracteriza-se por relações tensas e freqüentes conflitos entre os diferentes atores participantes dos circuitos Pelas características dos contextos de pesquisa, a grande maioria dos usuários apresentava um padrão de uso compulsivo de drogas, especialmente de crack, no qual o auto-cuidado ou quaisquer outras atividades eram secundarizadas frente ao consumo frenético da droga...
Introduction: In current days, drug abuse has been acquiring alarming dimensions, configuring an important problem of public health. Among the factors which are responsible for the worsening of the situation is the appearance of new substances which have been altering the practices of use and potentiating its damages. Among these is the product of cocaine paste, popularly called crack, which characterizes by the harm to the users health and a growing association between its use and the practice of violent and degrading acts, which has been given a lot of attention by the media. Objectives: To describe the circuits, understand the behaviors, the practices and the meanings related to crack consumption among goers of places of high concentration of users and sellers of this drug, in the downtown area of two Brazilian capitals: São Paulo/SP and Porto Alegre/RS. Methodology: A qualitative-ethnographic study was undertaken, with participant observation and register in field journal, having these as a basis for data analysis. Results: In the results, the circuits taken by the users concentrated in specific parts of the central area of both cities were described: Bairro da Luz, in São Paulo, and the region between Rodovia Castelo Branco, Avenida Farrapos and Loteamento Santa Terezinha in Porto Alegre/RS. And also its dynamics: the concentration of people living in the street and their routine activities, specially their relations with state representatives (such as the police and social assistance institutions) are highlighted. The everyday routine of these places is characterized by tense relations and frequent conflicts among the different actors in interaction. According to the research context, most users presented a pattern of compulsive use, in which self-care or any other activities were in second place in relation to the frenetic drug use...